Luxtelligence provides a library of components that have been fabricated in the reference material stack, and whose performance has been tested and validated. Here follows a list of the available parametric cells (gdsfactory.Component objects):

Cells

CPW_pad_linear

lnoi400.cells.CPW_pad_linear(start_width: float = 80.0, length_straight: float = 10.0, length_tapered: float = 190.0, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_uni_cpw') → Component

RF access line for high-frequency GSG probes. The probe pad maintains a fixed gap/central conductor ratio across its length, to achieve a good impedance matching

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.CPW_pad_linear(start_width=80.0, length_straight=10.0, length_tapered=190.0, cross_section='xs_uni_cpw')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

L_turn_bend

lnoi400.cells.L_turn_bend(radius: float = 80.0, p: float = 1.0, with_arc_floorplan: bool = True, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000', **kwargs) → Component

A 90-degrees bend following an Euler path, with linearly-varying curvature (increasing and decreasing).

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.L_turn_bend(radius=80.0, p=1.0, with_arc_floorplan=True, cross_section='xs_rwg1000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

S_bend_vert

lnoi400.cells.S_bend_vert(v_offset: float = 25.0, h_extent: float = 100.0, dx_straight: float = 5.0, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000') → Component

A spline bend that bridges a vertical displacement.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.S_bend_vert(v_offset=25.0, h_extent=100.0, dx_straight=5.0, cross_section='xs_rwg1000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

U_bend_racetrack

lnoi400.cells.U_bend_racetrack(v_offset: float = 90.0, p: float = 1.0, with_arc_floorplan: bool = True, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg3000', **kwargs) → Component

A U-bend with fixed cross-section and dimensions, suitable for building a low-loss racetrack resonator.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.U_bend_racetrack(v_offset=90.0, p=1.0, with_arc_floorplan=True, cross_section='xs_rwg3000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

bend_S_spline

lnoi400.cells.bend_S_spline(size: tuple[float, float] = (100.0, 30.0), cross_section: ~collections.abc.Callable[[...], ~gdsfactory.cross_section.CrossSection] | ~gdsfactory.cross_section.CrossSection | dict[str, ~typing.Any] | str | ~gdsfactory.cross_section.Transition = 'xs_rwg1000', npoints: int = 201, path_method=<function spline_clamped_path>) → Component

A spline bend merging a vertical offset.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.bend_S_spline(size=(100.0, 30.0), cross_section='xs_rwg1000', npoints=201)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

bend_S_spline_varying_width

lnoi400.cells.bend_S_spline_varying_width(size: tuple[float, float] = (58, 14.5), cross_section1: ~collections.abc.Callable[[...], ~gdsfactory.cross_section.CrossSection] | ~gdsfactory.cross_section.CrossSection | dict[str, ~typing.Any] | str | ~gdsfactory.cross_section.Transition = None, cross_section2: ~collections.abc.Callable[[...], ~gdsfactory.cross_section.CrossSection] | ~gdsfactory.cross_section.CrossSection | dict[str, ~typing.Any] | str | ~gdsfactory.cross_section.Transition = None, npoints: int = 201, path_method=<function spline_null_curvature>) → Component

A spline bend merging a vertical offset. Can accept arbitrary cross sections. Not tested as a standalone PDK element. Used as a building block for cells with known behaviour.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.bend_S_spline_varying_width(size=(58, 14.5), npoints=201)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

chip_frame

lnoi400.cells.chip_frame(size: tuple[float, float] = (10000, 5000), exclusion_zone_width: float = 50, center: tuple[float, float] = None) → Component

Provide the chip extent and the exclusion zone around the chip frame. In the exclusion zone, only the edge couplers routing to the chip facet should be placed. Allowed chip dimensions (in either direction): 5000 um, 10000 um, 20000 um.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.chip_frame(size=(10000, 5000), exclusion_zone_width=50)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

directional_coupler_balanced

lnoi400.cells.directional_coupler_balanced(io_wg_sep: float = 30.6, sbend_length: float = 58, central_straight_length: float = 16.92, coupl_wg_sep: float = 0.8, coup_wg_width: float = 0.8, cross_section_io: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000') → Component

Returns a 50-50 directional coupler. Default parameters give a 50/50 splitting at 1550 nm.

Parameters:

• io_wg_sep – Separation of the two straights at the input/output, top-to-top.

• sbend_length – length of the s-bend part.

• central_straight_length – length of the coupling region.

• coupl_wg_sep – Distance between two waveguides in the coupling region (side to side).

• cross_section_io – cross section spec at the i/o (must be defined in tech.py).

• coup_wg_width – waveguide width at the coupling section.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.directional_coupler_balanced(io_wg_sep=30.6, sbend_length=58, central_straight_length=16.92, coupl_wg_sep=0.8, coup_wg_width=0.8, cross_section_io='xs_rwg1000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

double_linear_inverse_taper

lnoi400.cells.double_linear_inverse_taper(cross_section_start: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_swg250', cross_section_end: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000', lower_taper_length: float = 120.0, lower_taper_end_width: float = 2.05, upper_taper_start_width: float = 0.25, upper_taper_length: float = 240.0, slab_removal_width: float = 20.0, input_ext: float = 0.0) → Component

Inverse taper with two layers, starting from a wire waveguide at the facet and transitioning to a rib waveguide. The tapering profile is linear in both layers.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.double_linear_inverse_taper(cross_section_start='xs_swg250', cross_section_end='xs_rwg1000', lower_taper_length=120.0, lower_taper_end_width=2.05, upper_taper_start_width=0.25, upper_taper_length=240.0, slab_removal_width=20.0, input_ext=0.0)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

eo_phase_shifter

lnoi400.cells.eo_phase_shifter(rib_core_width_modulator: float = 2.5, taper_length: float = 100.0, modulation_length: float = 7500.0, rf_central_conductor_width: float = 10.0, rf_ground_planes_width: float = 180.0, rf_gap: float = 4.0, draw_cpw: bool = True) → Component

Phase shifter based on the Pockels effect. The waveguide is located within the gap of a CPW transmission line.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.eo_phase_shifter(rib_core_width_modulator=2.5, taper_length=100.0, modulation_length=7500.0, rf_central_conductor_width=10.0, rf_ground_planes_width=180.0, rf_gap=4.0, draw_cpw=True)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

heater_resistor

lnoi400.cells.heater_resistor(path: Path | None = None, width: float = 0.9, offset: float = 0.0) → Component

A resistive wire used as a low-frequency phase shifter, exploiting the thermo-optical effect.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.heater_resistor(width=0.9, offset=0.0)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

heater_straight_single

lnoi400.cells.heater_straight_single(length: float = 150.0, width: float = 0.9, offset: float = 0.0, port_contact_width_ratio: float = 3.0, pad_size: tuple[float, float] = (100.0, 100.0), pad_pitch: float | None = None, pad_vert_offset: float = 10.0) → Component

A straight resistive wire used as a low-frequency phase shifter, exploiting the thermo-optical effect. The heater is terminated by wide pads for probing or bonding.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.heater_straight_single(length=150.0, width=0.9, offset=0.0, port_contact_width_ratio=3.0, pad_size=(100.0, 100.0), pad_vert_offset=10.0)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

mmi1x2_optimized1550

lnoi400.cells.mmi1x2_optimized1550(width_mmi: float = 6.0, length_mmi: float = 26.75, width_taper: float = 1.5, length_taper: float = 25.0, port_ratio: float = 0.55, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000', **kwargs) → Component

MMI1x2 with layout optimized for maximum transmission at 1550 nm.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.mmi1x2_optimized1550(width_mmi=6.0, length_mmi=26.75, width_taper=1.5, length_taper=25.0, port_ratio=0.55, cross_section='xs_rwg1000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

mmi2x2_optimized1550

lnoi400.cells.mmi2x2_optimized1550(width_mmi: float = 5.0, length_mmi: float = 76.5, width_taper: float = 1.5, length_taper: float = 25.0, port_ratio: float = 0.7, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000', **kwargs) → Component

MMI2x2 with layout optimized for maximum transmission at 1550 nm.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.mmi2x2_optimized1550(width_mmi=5.0, length_mmi=76.5, width_taper=1.5, length_taper=25.0, port_ratio=0.7, cross_section='xs_rwg1000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

mmi2x2optimized1550

lnoi400.cells.mmi2x2optimized1550(width_mmi: float = 5.0, length_mmi: float = 76.5, width_taper: float = 1.5, length_taper: float = 25.0, port_ratio: float = 0.7, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_rwg1000', **kwargs) → Component

MMI2x2 with layout optimized for maximum transmission at 1550 nm.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.mmi2x2optimized1550(width_mmi=5.0, length_mmi=76.5, width_taper=1.5, length_taper=25.0, port_ratio=0.7, cross_section='xs_rwg1000')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

mzm_unbalanced

lnoi400.cells.mzm_unbalanced(modulation_length: float = 7500.0, length_imbalance: float = 100.0, lbend_tune_arm_reff: float = 75.0, rf_pad_start_width: float = 80.0, rf_central_conductor_width: float = 10.0, rf_ground_planes_width: float = 180.0, rf_gap: float = 4.0, rf_pad_length_straight: float = 10.0, rf_pad_length_tapered: float = 190.0, bias_tuning_section_length: float = 700.0, with_heater: bool = False, heater_offset: float = 1.2, heater_width: float = 1.0, heater_pad_size: tuple[float, float] = (75.0, 75.0), **kwargs) → Component

Mach-Zehnder modulator based on the Pockels effect with an applied RF electric field. The modulator works in a differential push-pull configuration driven by a single GSG line.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.mzm_unbalanced(modulation_length=7500.0, length_imbalance=100.0, lbend_tune_arm_reff=75.0, rf_pad_start_width=80.0, rf_central_conductor_width=10.0, rf_ground_planes_width=180.0, rf_gap=4.0, rf_pad_length_straight=10.0, rf_pad_length_tapered=190.0, bias_tuning_section_length=700.0, with_heater=False, heater_offset=1.2, heater_width=1.0, heater_pad_size=(75.0, 75.0))
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

straight_rwg1000

lnoi400.cells.straight_rwg1000(length: float = 10.0, **kwargs) → Component

Straight single-mode waveguide.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.straight_rwg1000(length=10.0)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

straight_rwg3000

lnoi400.cells.straight_rwg3000(length: float = 10.0, **kwargs) → Component

Straight multimode waveguide.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.straight_rwg3000(length=10.0)
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)

uni_cpw_straight

lnoi400.cells.uni_cpw_straight(length: float = 3000.0, cross_section: Callable[[...], CrossSection] | CrossSection | dict[str, Any] | str | Transition = 'xs_uni_cpw', bondpad: str | Callable[[...], Component] | dict[str, Any] | KCell = 'CPW_pad_linear') → Component

A CPW transmission line for microwaves, with a uniform cross section.

import lnoi400

c = lnoi400.cells.uni_cpw_straight(length=3000.0, cross_section='xs_uni_cpw', bondpad='CPW_pad_linear')
c.plot()

(Source code, png, hires.png, pdf)